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The Country Covering an area of approximately 1.14 million square kilometers (445,000 square miles), Ethiopia is the third largest country in Africa. Flat-topped plateaus, deep river canyons and lowlands, which include the major river basins: the Abay (Blue Nile), Awash, Baro, Omo, Tekezie and Wabe Shebele, characterize the topography of the country. The Great Rift Valley divides the Ethiopian highlands from north to south. Although lying only 15 degrees north of the equator, with the moderating effect of high altitude, ranging from 180m below sea level to 4620m above sea level, Ethiopia enjoys a very pleasant climate. Specially in the central highlands, where the vast majority of people live, the average temperature rarely exceeds 20°C (68 °F). On the sparsely populated lowlands, a typical sub-tropical and tropical climate prevail. With approximately 850 mm (34 inches) of rainfall, the countrywide average annual rainfall is deemed to be moderate by global standards. Over most of the highlands, rainfall occurs in two distinct seasons: the short rainy season during February and March and the long rainy season from June to September.
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